ГДЗ по Английскому Языку 10 Класс Модуль 8d Номер 5a Ваулина — Подробные Ответы

Используйте словарь, чтобы объяснить слова/выражения выделенные жирном шрифтом. Выберите три и имитируйте/уточните их значения.

principles (принципы): scientific theories or rules that explain how something functions (научные теории или правила, которые объясняют, как что-то функционирует)

travel-worn (изношенный путешествием): slightly damaged or weathered due to being transported over long distances (незначительно поврежденный или изношенный в результате длительных путешествий)

ivory (слоновая кость): a material sourced from the tusks of elephants (материал, получаемый из бивней слонов)

bars (планки): long, rigid pieces of metal or other materials used for structural purposes (длинные жесткие куски металла или другого материала, используемые для конструкции)

brass (латунь): a yellowish metal alloy, often used in decorative items (желтоватый металлический сплав, часто используемый в декоративных изделиях)

rail (поручень): a slender, often curved, piece of metal used for support (тонкая, часто изогнутая часть металла, используемая для поддержки)

tap (кран, втулка): to lightly strike or hit something (легко ударить или постучать по чему-то)

screws (шурупы, винты): small metal fasteners used to hold materials together (маленькие металлические элементы, используемые для соединения материалов)

drop (капля): a small, often round, amount of liquid (небольшое, часто круглое количество жидкости)

quartz (кварц): a transparent, hard mineral often used in jewelry and timepieces (прозрачный твердый минерал, часто используемый в ювелирных изделиях и часах)

rod (рычаг): a thin, straight, often cylindrical metal piece used for leverage (тонкий, прямой, часто цилиндрический металлический элемент, используемый для рычага)

saddle (седло): a leather seat designed for riding on animals or bikes (кожаное сиденье, предназначенное для верховой езды на животных или для велосипеда)

starting lever (пусковой рычаг): a handle or mechanism used to initiate the operation of a machine (ручка или механизм, используемый для запуска работы устройства)

thud (стук): a dull, muffled sound, often from something heavy hitting the ground (глухой, приглушенный звук, часто возникающий, когда что-то тяжелое падает на землю)

whirling (кружащийся): rapidly rotating or spinning around (быстро вращающееся или крутящееся вокруг)

headlong (безудержный): moving forward at full speed, often recklessly (двигаясь вперед на полной скорости, часто безрассудно)

hopping (прыгая): jumping with both feet leaving the ground for short distances (прыжки, когда обе ноги отрываются от земли на короткие расстояния)

swiftly (быстро): in a fast or quick manner (быстро или оперативно)

leaping (прыгая): making long jumps from one place to another (прыжки на большие расстояния с одного места на другое)

scaffolding (строительные леса): temporary metal structure used during building construction for support (временная металлическая конструкция, используемая для поддержки при строительстве)

conscious (осознающий): aware of one’s surroundings, thoughts, or actions (осознающий свое окружение, мысли или действия)

spinning (вращающийся): rotating rapidly in a circle (кружащееся, вращающееся вокруг оси)

faint (слабый): dim or barely perceptible, not easily seen (тусклый или едва заметный, не легко воспринимаемый)

glimpse (взгляд): a brief or fleeting look at something (быстрый или мимолетный взгляд на что-то)

luminous (светящийся): emitting light, often in the dark (излучающий свет, особенно в темноте)

twilight (сумерки): the soft light seen just after sunset or before sunrise (мягкий свет, видимый сразу после заката или перед восходом солнца)

streak (полоса): a long, narrow mark or line, often of a contrasting color (длинная, узкая линия или полоса, часто контрастного цвета)

arch (арка): a curved structure or design, often seen in doors or bridges (изогнутая конструкция или форма, часто встречающаяся в дверях или мостах)

changing (изменяющийся): altering in appearance or condition over time (меняющийся, изменяющий внешний вид или состояние со временем)

flickering (мерцая): flashing irregularly, often with uneven brightness (нерегулярно мерцающий, часто с неравномерной яркостью)

principles (принципы): These are fundamental scientific laws or theories that explain the underlying mechanics of how something works. For example, the principles of physics are used to explain how objects move or interact with forces like gravity. These principles serve as the foundation for scientific research, allowing scientists to predict outcomes and understand the natural world more clearly.

travel-worn (изношенный путешествием): Objects that have been through extensive travel often show signs of wear and tear. For example, a suitcase that has been to multiple countries might have scuff marks, a slightly bent handle, or a frayed zipper. This kind of damage is typically minor but reflects the toll that frequent movement and changes in climate can take on materials.

ivory (слоновая кость): Ivory is a dense, white material derived from the tusks of elephants. Historically, it was highly prized for its smooth texture and used in art, carvings, jewelry, and even piano keys. Over time, the use of ivory has become controversial due to concerns about animal conservation, leading to stricter regulations on its trade and use.

bars (планки): Bars are long, straight pieces of metal or other materials that are often used for structural support or as a part of a mechanism. For example, in a gate, bars might be used to create a barrier, or in a machine, bars may serve as levers or rods to move parts. Bars can be made of various materials, including steel, aluminum, and brass, depending on the specific requirements of their function.

brass (латунь): Brass is a metal alloy made primarily of copper and zinc, known for its bright yellow color and corrosion resistance. It has been used throughout history for a variety of purposes, from musical instruments to decorative items and machinery. Brass’s durability and appearance make it ideal for both practical and aesthetic uses.

rail (поручень): A rail refers to a long, slender piece of metal or wood that provides support or safety. In railings or staircases, rails are used to help people maintain balance or prevent falls. They can be found in homes, public spaces, and vehicles, where they serve as important safety features, offering stability to users.

tap (кран, втулка): To tap something means to strike it lightly, often with the purpose of initiating action or to get attention. For example, tapping on a door could alert someone inside, or tapping a pipe might help dislodge a clog. A «tap» can also refer to a fitting, like in a faucet, where it controls the flow of water or other liquids.

screws (шурупы, винты): Screws are small cylindrical metal pieces with a spiral ridge that allows them to be turned into materials such as wood or metal, holding pieces together. They’re commonly used in construction, machinery, and everyday items, as they offer a secure and adjustable way to fasten parts. The shape and size of screws vary depending on their purpose.

drop (капля): A drop refers to a small amount of liquid, typically falling from a higher point due to gravity. For example, a drop of water might fall from a leaky faucet, or a single drop of ink might stain a page. Although small, drops are a key unit of measurement in many scientific and medical fields, where precise amounts of liquid are important.

quartz (кварц): Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral commonly found in the Earth’s crust. Its transparent or translucent appearance makes it a popular choice for use in jewelry, timepieces, and even electronics. Its durability, resistance to weathering, and ability to conduct electricity in certain forms make it essential in many industrial applications.

rod (рычаг): A rod is a long, thin piece of material, usually cylindrical, that is often used as a lever or support in machines and structures. For example, a metal rod in an engine might serve as a connecting link between moving parts. Rods can be made of metal, plastic, or other materials, and their strength and length are often tailored to specific tasks.

saddle (седло): A saddle is a seat, traditionally made of leather, that is placed on the back of a horse or other animals to allow a rider to sit comfortably. It is designed to distribute the rider’s weight evenly, providing both stability and comfort. Saddles are also used in cycling and motorcycling, where they are designed to fit the human body for ergonomic support during travel.

starting lever (пусковой рычаг): A starting lever is a handle or mechanism used to begin the operation of a machine, often involving a physical action like pulling or pushing. In older engines, a starting lever might be used to initiate the flow of fuel or to engage the ignition. It is a crucial part of many manual machines, providing the initial movement needed for the system to function.

thud (стук): A thud is a dull, heavy sound made when a solid object hits a surface. For example, if someone drops a heavy book on the floor, the resulting sound might be described as a thud. It is different from a sharp, high-pitched sound, often indicating something substantial and not fragile.

whirling (кружащийся): When something is whirling, it is spinning rapidly around a central point, often creating a visual blur. For example, a child’s toy might whirl when spun, or a tornado might whirl through the sky, causing powerful winds. The motion is fast and circular, creating a sense of chaos or energy.

headlong (безудержный): Moving headlong refers to moving forward with great speed and often without caution. It can describe physical movement, like running headlong into a situation, or even metaphorical movement, such as rushing into a decision. The term conveys a sense of urgency or recklessness, where consequences might not be fully considered.

hopping (прыгая): Hopping refers to small, quick jumps, usually over short distances. For example, a rabbit might hop across a field, or a person might hop over a puddle. This motion is characterized by its quickness and the repeated action of lifting both feet off the ground at once.

swiftly (быстро): Swiftly describes a movement that is both fast and graceful. For example, a cheetah might run swiftly across the savannah, or a bird might fly swiftly through the sky. The word conveys a sense of efficiency and smoothness in movement, suggesting something is done with little resistance or delay.

leaping (прыгая, перепрыгивая): Leaping refers to making a significant jump, typically over a larger distance than hopping. For instance, a frog might leap from one lily pad to another, or a high jumper might leap over a bar during a competition. The action involves considerable force and distance, often with a sense of agility.

scaffolding (строительные леса): Scaffolding is a temporary structure made of metal or wood used to support workers and materials during the construction or repair of a building. It is designed to provide safe access to high places, ensuring that workers can reach difficult areas while maintaining stability and safety.

conscious (осознающий): Being conscious means being aware of your surroundings, thoughts, and actions. A conscious person is awake and alert, able to perceive and respond to external stimuli. In a medical sense, someone can be described as conscious if they are mentally aware, as opposed to unconscious or in a coma.

spinning (вращающийся): Spinning is the act of turning around a central point at a high speed. For example, a top spins on the ground, or a dancer spins as part of a performance. The motion creates a circular or spiraling effect, often accompanied by a sense of dizziness or fluidity.

faint (слабый): Something that is faint is weak or barely perceptible. For example, a faint light in the distance might be difficult to see, or a faint sound might be hard to hear. It suggests that the sensation or signal is barely above the threshold of detection, often requiring extra effort to notice.

glimpse (взгляд): A glimpse is a quick, often brief look at something, often too fast to fully comprehend or appreciate. For example, you might catch a glimpse of someone across a crowded room or glimpse a rare animal in the wild. The term suggests something fleeting and temporary, leaving only a vague impression.

luminous (светящийся): Luminous objects are those that emit light, either naturally or artificially. A glowing firefly, a lit-up sign at night, or the moon reflecting sunlight are all examples of luminous objects. The light they emit is often soft and can be visible even in low-light conditions.

twilight (сумерки): Twilight is the soft, fading light that occurs just after sunset or just before sunrise. It is a transitional period between day and night when the sky takes on a range of colors, and the world is neither fully bright nor completely dark. Twilight has a peaceful, mysterious quality and is often associated with the end of the day.

streak (полоса): A streak is a long, narrow mark or line, often contrasting with the surface it appears on. For example, a streak of lightning might flash across the sky, or a streak of paint could mark a wall. It is typically a noticeable line or band that differs from the surrounding area.

arch (арка): An arch is a curved structure, often used in architecture to support weight above it. Arches are seen in bridges, doorways, and windows, where their curved shape provides strength and stability. They are aesthetically pleasing and functional, allowing for efficient distribution of pressure.

changing (изменяющийся): Changing refers to something that undergoes a transformation or variation over time. For example, the changing seasons bring different weather patterns, or a changing landscape might show the effects of erosion. It suggests a dynamic state, constantly evolving or adapting.

flickering (мерцая, моргая): Flickering refers to light or a flame that shines intermittently, often irregularly. A candle’s flame might flicker in the wind, or a faulty lightbulb might flicker on and off. It suggests instability or imperfection in how light is emitted, creating a moment